Herbert Marcuse
| Herbert Marcuse link (Political theorist, spook?) | |
|---|---|
| Born | July 19, 1898 Berlin, German Empire |
| Died | July 29, 1979 Starnberg, West Germany |
| Nationality | German, |
| Ethnicity | Jewish |
| Alma mater | University of Berlin, University of Freiburg |
| Mentors | Martin Heidegger |
| Spouses | Sophie Wertheim (m. 1924; died 1951), Inge Neumann (m. 1955; died 1973), Erica Sherover |
Associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory. | |
Herbert Marcuse was a German–American philosopher, social critic, and political theorist, associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory.[1]
Activities
Having become a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1940, he served as an intelligence analyst for the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (the precursor of the Central Intelligence Agency) from 1941 to 1944. After the war, he headed the Central European Section of the Office of Intelligence Research. From 1951 he taught at Columbia and Harvard universities (to 1954), Brandeis University (1954–65), and the University of California, San Diego (1965–76), where after retirement he was honorary emeritus professor of philosophy until his death.[2]
His Marxist and Freudian theories of 20th-century Western society were influential in the leftist student movements of the 1960s, especially after the 1968 student rebellions in Paris and West Berlin and at New York City's Columbia University.[2]
Spook
Gabriel Rockhill pointed out how
L. L. Matthias likely went the furthest in accusing Marcuse of being a CIA agent involved in constructing an anti-Soviet spy center in Frankfurt that collaborated with the Gehlen Organization (the postwar anticommunist intelligence agency established and overseen by the CIA and headed by the notorious Nazi general Reinhart Gehlen, who filled its ranks with fellow Nazis). Matthias even asserted that Marcuse served as the principal intermediary between Gehlen and the CIA's Frank Wisner. He also relayed the National Observer's claim that Marcuse had been the mastermind behind the 1968 riots, declaring that he "succeeded in splitting the revolutionary student movements from the workers' movement . . . and thus prevented a merger that was feared in Washington more than almost any other event."<ref>Gabriel Rockhill, Who Paid the Pipers of Western Marxism?, page 268
and
Is it possible, then, that Marcuse was a CIA agent, and perhaps even the liaison officer that Reinhard Gehlen mysteriously referred to in his memoirs as "Colonel M—"?14 Unless I am mistaken, he was never publicly known to have achieved the rank of colonel, nor was he overtly employed by the CIA. However, Jürgen Habermas revealed that Marcuse did return to Germany "as an officer of the US army," and in 1948 he moved up the ladder at the State Department, taking over responsibility for Europe from Stuart Hughes, who had been State's "top authority for Western, Central and Eastern Europe." This was after having served, along with Otto Kirchheimer and Felix Gilbert, under Franz Neumann, who directed the German section of the Research & Analysis branch until 1947 (originally housed in the Office of Strategic Services, or OSS, R&A was transferred to the State Department after the war). Since Marcuse's mother tongue was German, and he was the State Department's "leading authority" in "intelligence regarding communism [Kommunismusaufklärung]" —not unlike Gehlen, who had directed Nazi intelligence against the Soviets before continuing his anticommunist espionage for the CIA—it seems unlikely that their paths would not have crossed, either in person or via intermediaries and overlapping projects. In fact, in 1951, Gehlen was given a VIP tour of the United States to meet the leaders of the U.S. national security state and develop their plans for a common war on communism, which was one of Marcuse's fundamental tasks. Gehlen met William Donovan, the chief of the OSS and Marcuse's boss during the war, as well as three major figures in the CIA, two of whom had served in the OSS, whom Marcuse almost certainly knew in some capacity: Walter Bedell Smith, Allen Dulles, and Frank Wisner. Marcuse himself, it is worth recalling, "had a clearance for the security level ‘Top Secret.'" More research clearly needs to be done in this area since there is no hard evidence—as far as I know—regarding connections between Marcuse and Gehlen, outside of Matthias's claim that a CIA agent confirmed his statements in this regard.<ref>Gabriel Rockhill, Who Paid the Pipers of Western Marxism?, page 269-70
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