List of Axis war crime trials
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The following is a list of war crimes trials and tribunals brought against the Axis powers following the conclusion of World War II.
- Nazi Germany
- Nuremberg Trials of the 24 most important leaders of the Third Reich; 1945–1946, held by the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and France.
- Dachau Trials; Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army tribunal held within the walls of the former Dachau concentration camp, 1945–1948
- Belsen trials; held in Lüneburg, Germany against former personnel at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, 1945–1948
- Minsk Trial; Soviet military tribunal against eighteen defendants accused of committing crimes in occupied Belarus
- Riga Trial; trial of eight German military officials in connection with the Nazi occupation of Latvia
- Borkum Island war crimes trial; held at the Ludwigsburg Palace in 1946
- Werner Rohde trial; trial of eight former staff members (and one prisoner) at the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp
- Auschwitz Trial; held in Kraków, Poland in 1947 against 40 SS-staff of the Auschwitz concentration camp death factory
- Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials; trial of 22 staff members from Auschwitz, first criminal trial of Holocaust perpetrators under German jurisdiction
- Belzec Trial; before the 1st Munich District Court in the mid-1960s of the eight SS-men of the Belzec extermination camp command
- Majdanek Trials; the overall longest Nazi war crimes trial in history spanning over 30 years
- Sobibor Trial; held in Hagen, Germany in 1965, concerning the Sobibor extermination camp officials
- Chełmno Trials of the Chełmno extermination camp personnel; held in Poland and in Germany. The cases were decided almost twenty years apart
- Supreme National Tribunal for Trial of War Criminals; active in Poland from 1946 to 1948
- Eichmann trial; held in Jerusalem, Israel in 1961 against Adolf Eichmann, one of the chief organizers of the Holocaust
- Empire of Japan
- International Military Tribunal for the Far East (Allied tribunal held in Tokyo for leaders of the Empire of Japan)
- Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal (Tribunal created by the Republic of China for crimes committed in the Chinese theatre)
- Shenyang and Taiyuan Special Military Tribunal (created by People's Republic of China for crimes committed in the Chinese theatre)
- French Permanent Military Tribunal in Saigon (French military tribunal which investigated war crimes committed in French Indochina after the Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina.)
- Philippine War Crimes Commission (American military tribunal in charge of the war crimes trials of Tomoyuki Yamashita and Masaharu Homma)
- Yokohama War Crimes Trials, tried by the US Military Commission at Yokohama 1945–1949[1]
- Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, tribunal of Kwantung Army officials for use of chemical and biological weapons
- Other
Comparative table
<tbody> </tbody>| Axis member | Total convicted | Executed |
|---|---|---|
| Germany[2] | 5,025 (by the Western Allies) ~10,000 (by the Soviet Union) | 486+ |
| Japan[3] | >4,400 | 927 |
| Bulgaria[4] | 2,618 (death sentences only) | 1,576 |
| Hungary[5] | ~27,000 | 189 |
| Slovakia[6] | 65 (death sentences only) | 27 |
| Romania[7] | Hundreds | 4 |
References
- ^ Lee, Stella. "Yokohama War Crimes Trials." WWII Pacific Theater. U.C. Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center. 17 Nov. 2008
- ^ James Larry Taulbee, ABC-CLIO, Jun 30, 2009, International Crime and Punishment, p. 79
- ^ Ronald Eyerman, Jeffrey C. Alexander, Elizabeth Butler Breese, Routledge, Oct 23, 2015, Narrating Trauma: On the Impact of Collective Suffering, p. 47
- ^ Benjamin Frommer, Cambridge University Press, 2005, National Cleansing: Retribution Against Nazi Collaborators in Postwar Czechoslovakia, p. 91
- ^ Stefano Bottoni, Indiana University Press, Oct 19, 2017, Long Awaited West: Eastern Europe since 1944, pp. 22-23
- ^ Benjamin Frommer, Cambridge University Press, 2005, National Cleansing: Retribution Against Nazi Collaborators in Postwar Czechoslovakia, p. 91
- ^ Baumel Judith Tydor Laqueur Walter, Walter Laqueur, Judith Tydor Baumel-Schwartz, Yale University Press, Jan 1, 2001, The Holocaust Encyclopedia, p. 580