1499
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| The year 1499 |
In the year 1499 the news arrives in Portugal that the navigator Vasco da Gama managed to find the sea route to India on the eastern route via the Cape of Good Hope. When he finally arrives in Lisbon, he is given a triumphant reception there.
Events
January–December
- January 8 – Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany, in accordance with a law set by his predecessor, Charles VIII.[1]
- May 19 – 13-year-old Catherine of Aragon, the future first wife of Henry VIII of England, is married by proxy to his brother, 12-year-old Arthur, Prince of Wales.
- July 22 – Battle of Dornach: The Swiss decisively defeat the army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.[2]
- July 28 – First Battle of Lepanto: The Turkish navy wins a decisive victory over the Venetians.
- August – Polydore Vergil completes De inventoribus rerum, the first modern history of inventions.
- August 24 – Lake Maracaibo is discovered, by Alonso de Ojeda and Amerigo Vespucci.
- September 18 – Vasco da Gama arrives at Lisbon, returning from India, and is received by King Manuel of Portugal.[3]
- September 22 – Treaty of Basel: Maximilian is forced to grant the Swiss de facto independence.
- October 25 – The Pont Notre-Dame in Paris, constructed under Charles VI of France, collapses into the Seine.[4]
- November 5 – The Catholicon is published in Tréguier (Brittany). This Breton–French–Latin dictionary had been written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc. It is the first dictionary of either French or Breton.
- November 23 – Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the throne of England, is hanged for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London.
- November 28 – Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, last male member of the House of York, is executed for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London.
- December 18 – The Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1499–1501) begins in the Kingdom of Granada (Crown of Castile) against the forced conversions of Muslims in Spain.
Date unknown
- The French under Louis XII seize Milan, driving out Duke Ludovico Sforza; Leonardo da Vinci flees to Venice.
- Montenegro, the last free monarchy in the Balkans, is annexed by the Ottoman Empire, as part of the sanjak of Shkodër, and Stefan II Crnojević is removed from office.
- Johannes Trithemius inadvertently reveals interests in magic by writing a letter to a Carmelite friar about a treatise he is writing on steganography.
- Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa matriculates at Cologne University.
- Giggleswick School is founded by Reverend James Carr in England.