India
nation state
| India link Sourcewatch Wikiquote | |
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| Capital city | Delhi |
| Location | South Asia, Asia |
| Leader | Prime Minister of India |
| Type | nation state |
| The "Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire. Until independence in 1947 it was ruled from London under the auspices of a British-appointed Viceroy whose powers were absolute. | |
India is the most populous nation state in the world, after China.
Deep state
- Full article: India/Deep state
- Full article: India/Deep state
Origins
The UK colonized India in exchange for trading rights the English brought European products to India. Throughout the 1600s English trade in India expanded and English traders built many trading posts. and factories across India. However, by the end of the century relations with the Mughal rulers had worsened.[1]
In 1947, Mountbatten was appointed Viceroy and Governor-General of India and oversaw the Partition of India into India and Pakistan. Lord Mountbatten became convinced that the differences between the Muslim League and the Congress Party were irreconcilable in the 1900s, and that speed was of the essence because of the real risks of mutiny among Indian troops or the outbreak of civil war, and that a partition was the only expedient option to easy tensions, which became the official reasoning[2] Internal opportunity therefore led to the secret partition of India into India and Pakistan, along - often faulty - religious lines creating tensions for future generations between a much larger Hindu population and divided muslims.[3][4]
Policies
Indian government have been actively pushing SDS policies.
Military expenditure
In 2013, India was #9 in the world in terms of military expenditure.[5] Between 2012-2016, it was one of only 2 states to account for over 5% of global weapons imports (together with Saudi Arabia).[6]
"War on Terror"
- Full article: War on Terror
- Full article: War on Terror
After the 2008 Mumbai attacks, the National Investigation Agency was set up, a special national "counter-terrorism" agency empowered to deal with "terror-related" matters anywhere in India without permission from the state governments.
Pollution
In 2015, the New York Times reported on Delhi's air pollution that "nearly half of the city’s 4.4 million schoolchildren have irreversible lung damage from the poisonous air."[7]
Cash
In 2016, the Indian central bank banned their highest denomination banknote, citing concerns about corruption.[8]
Hacking
In December 2018, the Indian government passed a law that required any person in charge of a computer to “extend all facilities and technical assistance to the agencies” in accessing its content. Failure to comply with the agencies could result in seven years of imprisonment and an unspecified fine.[9]
Universal surveillance
In 2010 India started scanning personal details like names, addresses, dates of birth, mobile numbers, and more, along with all 10 fingerprints and iris scans of its 1.3 billion citizens, into a centralized government database called Aadhaar to create a voluntary identity system. This was reportedly breached in January 2018.[10]
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References
- ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zx8sf82
- ↑ https://www.itv.com/news/central/2022-08-12/what-was-partition-and-why-does-it-matter
- ↑ https://www.britannica.com/event/Partition-of-India
- ↑ https://thediplomat.com/2019/03/the-origins-of-hindu-muslim-conflict-in-south-asia/
- ↑ http://www.iiss.org/en/about%20us/press%20room/press%20releases/press%20releases/archive/2014-dd03/february-0abc/military-balance-2014-press-statement-52d7
- ↑ https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2017-03/news/us-leads-rising-global-arms-trade
- ↑ http://www.cryptogon.com/?p=46718
- ↑ http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11766817
- ↑ https://venturebeat.com/2018/12/21/indian-government-to-intercept-monitor-and-decrypt-citizens-computers/
- ↑ http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2018/01/security-breach-india.html