1877

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File:Decade.png ( 1870s: )     1877 link
Rutherford B. Hayes declared winner of 1876 US presidential election after judicial intervention, even though Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote.
year 1877

Events

• January 1 – Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act 1876, introduced by Benjamin Disraeli, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom .
• February 17 – Major General Charles George Gordon of the British Army is appointed Governor-General of the Sudan.
• March 2 – In the Compromise of 1877, the 1876 United States presidential election is resolved with the selection of Rutherford B. Hayes as the winner, even though Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote on November 7, 1876.
• March 4 - Rutherford B. Hayes is sworn in, as the 19^th President of the United States.
  • The United Kingdom annexes the South African Republic, violating the Sand River Convention of 1852, causing a new Xhosa War.
• April 24 – Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
• May 5 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada, to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.
• May 6 – Realizing that his people are weakened by cold and hunger, Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
• May 16 – The 16 May 1877 crisis occurs in France.
• May 21 (May 9 O.S.) – By a speech in the Parliament of Romania by Mihail Kogălniceanu, the country declares itself independent from the Ottoman Empire (recognized in 1878 after the end of the Romanian independence war).
• June 20 – Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
• June 21 – The Molly Maguires are hanged at Carbon County Prison, in Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania.
• July 16 – Great Railroad Strike of 1877: Riots by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad railroad workers in Baltimore lead to a sympathy strike and rioting in Pittsburgh, and a full-scale worker's rebellion in St. Louis, briefly establishing a Communist government, before U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes calls in the armed forces.
• July 19 – Russo-Turkish War: The first battle in the siege of Plevna is fought.
• July 30 – Russo-Turkish War: The second battle in the siege of Plevna is fought.
• July 30 – Russo-Turkish War: The Turkish army and its allies destroy the Bulgarian city of Stara Zagora and massacre the inhabitants.
• September 5 – American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier, after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
• September 24 – Battle of Shiroyama in Kagoshima, Japan: The Imperial Japanese Army annihilates heavily outnumbered rebel samurai under Saigō Takamori (who is killed), ending the Satsuma Rebellion.
• November 21 – Thomas Edison announces his invention of the phonograph, a machine that can record sound, considered Edison's first great invention. Edison demonstrates the device for the first time on November 29.