1878
| File:Decade.png ( 1870s: ) 1878 link | |
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| File:Bohemian Grove.jpg Bohemian Grove is founded |
US
"Under the 1878 Posse Comitatus Act, Congress has limited the president’s ability to use the federal (title 10) military in domestic law enforcement operations such as searches, seizures, and arrests. A criminal statute, the Posse Comitatus Act makes it unlawful for the Army or Air Force to “execute the laws … except in cases and under circumstances expressly authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress.”"[1]
Events
- January 5 – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire.
- January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy.
- January 17 – Battle of Philippopolis: Russian troops defeat the Turks.
- January 23 – Benjamin Disraeli orders the British fleet to the Dardanelles.
- January 24 – Russian revolutionary Vera Zasulich shoots at Fyodor Trepov, Governor of Saint Petersburg.
- February 8 – The British fleet enters Turkish waters, and anchors off Istanbul; Russia threatens to occupy Istanbul, but does not carry out the threat.
- February 24 – Anti-Russian demonstrations occur in Hyde Park, London.
- March 25 – Russia rejects a British proposal, to lay the San Stefano Treaty before a European congress.
- March 27 – In anticipation of war with Russia, Disraeli mobilizes the reserves, and calls up Indian troops to Malta.
- May 15 – The Tokyo Stock Exchange is established.
- June 4 – Cyprus Convention: The Ottoman Empire cedes Cyprus to the United Kingdom, but retains the nominal title.
- June 13–July 13 – The Congress of Berlin convenes to discuss the Ottoman Empire.
- July 13 – The Treaty of Berlin makes Serbia, Montenegro and Romania completely independent, confirms the autonomy of Bulgaria, makes Cyprus a British possession, and allows Austria-Hungary to garrison the Bosnia Vilayet.
- November 17 – The first assassination attempt is made against Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Giovanni Passannante, armed with a dagger. The King survives with a slight wound in one arm. Prime minister Benedetto Cairoli blocks the aggressor, receiving a leg injury.
- November 21 – The Second Anglo-Afghan War commences, when the British attack Ali Masjid in the Khyber Pass.
Date unknown
- Otto von Bismarck abandons his Kulturkampf, and forces through legislation outlawing the Social Democrats.