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2025–2026 United States redistricting

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Full article adapted from Wikipedia revision 1376647626 by Wikipedia contributors. Text is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Formatting has been adapted; article text and references are retained. Snapshot imported 2026-09-25.

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2025–2026 United States redistricting
States that have undergone mid-decade redistricting prior to the 2026 elections.
Finalized new map; Democratic gain expected
Finalized new map; Republican gain expected
New map finalized; later struck down in court
Redistricting challenge rejected by courts
Voluntary redistricting rejected
DateJuly 9, 2025 – September 22, 2026
(1 year, 1 month, 3 weeks and 4 days)
Location
CausePartisan benefit in the 2026 United States House of Representatives elections, as well as state constitutional or court-mandated redistricting
Outcome
  • Net 12 Republican and 1 Democratic seats established.
  • Net 13 competitive seats dissolved.[a]
  • Continuation into 2027–2028.
  1. ^ Competitive seats are defined as seats won by less than 10 points by their respective party in 2024
A map displaying which states have undergone mid-decade redistricting between the 2024 and 2026 elections, colored by the reasoning behind the redistricting

Voluntary redistricting
Court-ordered/mandatory redistricting
New map finalized; later struck down in court
Redistricting challenge rejected by courts
Voluntary redistricting rejected

Beginning in July 2025, several U.S. states have redrawn or have attempted to redraw their congressional districts ahead of the 2026 United States House of Representatives elections, with multiple other states planning to draw new maps before the 2028 elections. These efforts mark the largest coordinated attempt to redraw congressional districts between decennial censuses in modern American history.

The redistricting began when Texas gerrymandered its congressional map to benefit Republicans upon President Donald Trump's request.[1] Republican-controlled legislatures in Missouri and North Carolina soon followed by enacting new congressional maps with the aim of gaining more Republican seats. In response, Democratic-led states began the process of gerrymandering their own congressional maps to counter Republican gains. California was the first, with voters enacting a constitutional amendment to redraw the state's congressional map to benefit Democrats. Virginia voters followed and also passed an amendment to redraw their districts as well, which was subsequently invalidated by the Virginia Supreme Court. Furthermore, Ohio was required to redraw its districts since the previous map did not receive bipartisan support in the General Assembly as required by the Ohio Constitution. Likewise, Utah was required to redraw due to the Utah Supreme Court striking down its previous map as an unlawful partisan gerrymander.

Following the U.S. Supreme Court's 2026 decision in Louisiana v. Callais, which limited challenges to gerrymandered maps using the Voting Rights Act of 1965, several more Southern states began to consider joining the redistricting wave. The Florida Legislature convened in a special session for redistricting in anticipation of the ruling.[2]

In July 2026, an electoral analyst Kyle Kondik expressed an opinion that the overall seat biases are similar to 2018, in which Democrats won a total of 235 out of 435 seats. Therefore, in his opinion, the overall net gain for Republicans alone is very likely not enough to determine control of the House of Representatives.[3]

Background

In the 2024 elections, the Republican Party won a 220–215 majority in the United States House of Representatives, in addition to winning control of the United States Senate and the presidency. Since the beginning of Donald Trump's second presidency, Trump had wanted to protect the narrow Republican House majority in the 2026 midterm elections and prevent Democratic gains in the House, which he believes would hamper his administration's ability to carry out its plans.[4] Planning among Trump's advisors began even prior to his inauguration, spearheaded by James Blair in contact with Adam Kincaid, the executive director of the National Republican Redistricting Trust. Blair presented the idea to Trump in April, and he quickly agreed to it.[5]

The National Democratic Redistricting Committee had also begun preparing for the possibility of Republicans redrawing maps mid-decade after Trump's victory in November 2024, harkening back to the aggressive gerrymandering Republicans performed under REDMAP after the 2010 elections.[5] In June, The New York Times reported that the Trump administration had called on the Republican leadership in the state of Texas to redistrict the state's legislative boundaries in order to draw more Republican leaning districts.[6] The plan elicited concern from some Texas Republicans, who argued that it could hurt incumbent Republicans.[7] As the plan began to take action, reporters asked Trump how many Republican-led states would be redistricted; Trump replied with "four of them".[8]

Redistricting mid-cycle, meaning not in response to a census, is extremely rare, and is usually done because courts have thrown out the previous maps for legal reasons. From 1970 until 2026, only two states redrew their congressional districts between censuses for partisan advantage.[9]

Louisiana v. Callais

In the 2026 Supreme Court case Louisiana v. Callais, Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, which required majority-minority districts, was partially overturned. The ruling is expected to allow southern states to eliminate these districts, which could allow Republicans to swing multiple seats by 2028.[10] The timing of decision was not expected to have a significant impact for the 2026 general election, as it was issued after multiple states had already begun the primary process, though expected to impact the 2028 election as states would have time to pass new maps.[11] For example, Florida had already been in the process of a redistricting change as part of the larger national push to add more Republican districts prior to the ruling and their primaries. The new maps were passed by the state the day of the decision.[12]

Some states had indicated they would seek to suspend their 2026 primaries to institute maps that reflect the Callais decision.[13] Louisiana governor Jeff Landry and attorney general Liz Murrill announced the day after the decision that they were suspending the state's primary set for May 16 to give time for the legislature to draw a new map that would be compliant with the ruling, despite that mail-in ballots had already been sent to overseas and early voting residents.[14]

State redistricting efforts

Overview of passed redistricting

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Date Enacted State Partisan Advantage Ballot Initiative? Ballot Initiative Results Blocked by Court? Enacted by Court?
August 29, 2025 Texas 5 seats No —N/a No No
September 28, 2025 Missouri 1 seat Yes‡ Pending‡ Yes No
October 22, 2025 North Carolina 1 seat No —N/a No No
October 31, 2025[15] Ohio 2 seats No —N/a No No
November 4, 2025 California 5 seats Yes 64.42 - 35.58 No No
November 10, 2025 Utah 1 seat No —N/a No Yes
April 21, 2026 Virginia 4 seats Yes 51.61 - 48.39 Yes† No
May 4, 2026 Florida 4 seats No —N/a No No
May 7, 2026 Tennessee 1 seat No —N/a No No
May 29, 2026 Louisiana 1 seat
June 2, 2026 Alabama 1 seat
Net 9 seats N/A

† The Virginia Supreme Court denied a motion by Virginia's Attorney General to stay a preliminary injunction that blocked certification of the redistricting referendum.[16] On May 8, the Court struck down the referendum.[17] Democrats were asking the Court to stay its ruling, in anticipation of an appeal,[18] but ultimately failed.[19]

‡ More than double the number of signatures required to qualify a redistricting referendum for the 2026 ballot in Missouri have been submitted to the Secretary of State's office.[20] However, on August 4, Denny Hoskins refused to put the popular initiative on the ballot, sparking lawsuits.[21] On September 3, 2026, the Supreme Court of Missouri ruled that a referendum can be held on redistricting, and ordered the Secretary of State to use the old map in the November 2026 elections.[22] The U.S. Supreme Court rejected the request to restore the GOP-drawn Congressional Map, however, hours later after the Supreme Court rejection, Chief U.S. District Judge Stephen Clark of the Eastern District of Missouri issued a temporary restraining order in a separate lawsuit ordering the state to use the new GOP-drawn Congressional map. On September 10 the Supreme Court put a stay on that order, meaning Missouri would be using the old map instead.[23]

Texas

Main article: 2025 Texas redistricting
Texas's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

On July 9, 2025, Governor Greg Abbott called for a special session of the Texas Legislature to discuss redistricting.[24] The action was expressed as being a response to a letter from the United States Department of Justice citing a need to remedy supposedly racially discriminatory districts in the current congressional map.[25] The action received backlash from Democratic leaders including Ken Martin and began talks to discuss a response to the proposed redistricting, including the possibility of Democratic state representatives walking out of the session to delay the process.[26]

The first special session began on July 21. A new map was redrawn in the session as state Democrats vowed to prolong the redistricting effort and walked out of session preventing quorum from being reached in the state house.[27] On August 18, the special session had expired, and state Democrats returned to the state after viewing the prevention of a new map in the first session and the national coverage of the incidents a "victory".[28] A second special session was called on August 18 by Abbott. A proposed congressional map drawing 5 new Republican-leaning districts passed both the state house and senate and was signed on August 29, 2025.[29]

On November 18, 2025, a federal court in El Paso, Texas, ruled that the maps consisted an illegal racial gerrymander, and as a result, barred their use in the 2026 midterm elections.[30][31] On November 21, the U.S. Supreme Court approved a request filed by Texas to temporarily block the lower court ruling.[32] On December 4, the Supreme Court stayed the District Court ruling in a 6–3 decision that allows Texas to use the map in 2026, concluding that the District Court had "failed to honor the presumption of legislative good faith by construing ambiguous direct and circumstantial evidence against the legislature" in finding that the map was racially gerrymandered, and had "improperly inserted itself into an active primary campaign" because it issued its ruling after the candidate filing period had begun.[33][34] The dissenting opinion, written by Elena Kagan and joined by Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson, argued that the majority was not following the appropriate standard of review for questions of fact, stating, "We are a higher court than the District Court, but we are not a better one when it comes to making such a fact-based decision."[35]

California

Main article: 2025 California Proposition 50
California's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

Multiple Democratic leaders, including Hakeem Jeffries, began to push California Governor Gavin Newsom to respond to redistricting in Texas by redrawing California's congressional districts; however, the state's use of an Independent Redistricting Commission was the primary obstacle to achieving the goal.[36] To bypass the commission, the state house and state senate passed an amendment putting a referendum on the November ballot to redraw the state's districts. The new congressional map made 5 Republican districts and several competitive districts much more Democratic to offset the gains made by the Texas map.[37]

The measure, titled 2025 California Proposition 50, was approved by voters in the November 2025 election, enacting the proposed redistricting plan.[38] Following the vote, the California Republican Party filed a federal lawsuit against Governor Gavin Newsom and Secretary of State Shirley Weber, alleging that the new maps violate the Voting Rights Act by favoring Latino voters and asked a federal court to issue a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction to prevent Proposition 50's maps from going into effect.[39] The U.S. Justice Department joined the California Republican Party's lawsuit.[40] In January 2026, a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Central District of California upheld the use of the map by the state, rejecting the California Republican Party's claims that the map was racially gerrymandered.[41][42]

On February 4, the U.S. Supreme Court denied an application for an appeal of the Central California U.S. District Court panel ruling by the California Republican Party.[43][44] The order was issued without comment or dissent, with legal commentators noting the Court's reasoning in its ruling the previous December on the Texas map after concluding that it was a partisan rather than racial gerrymander and allowed the map in Texas to stand.[45]

Missouri

Main article: 2026 Missouri Proposition A
Missouri's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

On August 29, 2025, Governor Mike Kehoe announced a special session to redraw the state's congressional districts and place Kansas City Democrat Emanuel Cleaver in a much more Republican-leaning district.[46] The Missouri House of Representatives voted to advance the new map that would give Republicans another seat, which was approved in the Missouri Senate, where it also advanced. The new map was signed into law by Kehoe on September 28.[47]

The new map faces lawsuits and a citizens' initiative ballot measure that may suspend the map's implementation for the 2026 elections.[48] In March 2026, opponents of the map said they had gathered enough signatures for the ballot measure to qualify.[49] On March 24, 2026, the Supreme Court of Missouri ruled in a 4-3 decision, that the new congressional maps did not violate the state's Constitution. Republican Secretary of State Denny Hoskins had to decide whether the map will reach a statewide ballot, following the validation of the petition signatories needed to force a referendum, and a state court's ruling on March 20, 2026, that Hoskins must remove argumentative language from the ballot summary for the possible referendum.[50]

Hoskins blocked the referendum on August 4, a few hours before the polls closed for the primary elections in Missouri, declaring it unconstitutional, and prompting a lawsuit from the group which had collected more than 300,000 signatures for it to qualify on the ballot. The reasoning behind Hoskin's actions was that if the General Assembly had approved the redistricting, the state's Constitution prevents the plans from being subject to referendum.[51][52]

On September 3, the Missouri Supreme Court unanimously overturned Hoskins' decision, stating that the petition was "legal, sufficient, and timely".[22] On September 8, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh rejected Denny Hoskins's emergency appeal, keeping the previous maps in place for the 2026 election.[53] However, the same day, Chief U.S. District Judge Stephen Clark of the Eastern District of Missouri issued a temporary restraining order in a separate lawsuit prohibiting the state from using anything but the new 2025 maps.[54] The Supreme Court blocked the temporary restraining order on September 10, keeping the 2022 map intact.[55]

The issue was complicated further when on September 21, the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals ordered Missouri to use the 2025 maps, despite the Supreme Court's ruling. The reasoning behind this order was that the new map was used when conducting the primary election, and that to revert to the older map would cause more confusion for voters.[56]

North Carolina

Main article: Redistricting in North Carolina § 2025
North Carolina's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

In October, North Carolina Republicans led in the state legislature. Destin Hall and Phil Berger introduced a plan to redraw North Carolina's congressional map to make Don Davis's seat more favorable to Republicans in the hopes of increasing the party's chances of picking up the seat. The measure passed both the State House and State Senate and became law, as it did not require Democratic governor Josh Stein's signature.[57] On November 26, a panel of three federal judges issued a ruling allowing the use of the map.[58]

Utah

Main articles: 2018 Utah Proposition 4 § Aftermath and litigation, and League of Women Voters v. Utah State Legislature
Utah's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

In July 2023, in League of Women Voters v. Utah State Legislature, the Utah Supreme Court heard arguments alleging that the Utah Legislature violated 2018 Utah Proposition 4, a citizen-passed anti-gerrymandering proposition, by dividing Salt Lake County voters into all four of Utah's districts. The case was sent back to a state district court, which held a hearing on January 31, 2025. A ruling for the League of Women Voters was issued on August 25.

On October 6, the Utah Legislature passed a new map, which changed two Republican districts to be more competitive. On November 10, Utah Third District Judge Dianna Gibson ruled that the new map also violated Proposition 4, opting to approve a plaintiff-submitted alternative, Map 1, which creates a safe Democratic district comprising a majority of Salt Lake County.[59] Republicans lost appeals at both the Utah Supreme Court and federal court, meaning the newest map would be the one used in the 2026 midterm elections.[60]

In response, over 200,000 Utah Republicans signed a petition to put a ballot measure repealing Prop 4 on the November 2026 ballot.[61] On March 26, 2026, following a coordinated signature removal campaign, the ballot measure fell below the requisite signature threshold and failed to make it onto the ballot.[62]

Ohio

Ohio's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

In 2022 during redistricting after the 2020 United States Census, Republicans in the state drafted a new map that was favorable for Republicans. It was struck down in July of that year, as the Supreme Court of Ohio found it in violation of a voter-approved anti-gerrymandering referendum in the state.[63] Afterwards, Republicans altered the map but kept it in favor of Republicans, and the Supreme Court of Ohio found it in violation for a second time, but ruled that nothing could be done since primary voting for the 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio had already begun. Under Ohio law, since the map did not receive bipartisan support, the court instead ordered for the new congressional map to expire early.[64]

In October of 2025, the Ohio Redistricting Commission took over control of drafting a new map to be used in the 2026 United States House of Representatives elections, and finalized the draft later that month. The new map was aimed to change the 10-5 Republican majority to a 12-3 Republican majority by making Greg Landsman's district (OH-1) and Marcy Kaptur's district (OH-9) more competitive. Since the vote was decided unanimously by the Commission, it did not violate the previously voter-approved redistricting amendment that aimed to combat gerrymandering, and also blocked any future challenges on the map. The maps are now locked in place until 2032.[65]

Indiana

Main article: 2025 Indiana redistricting attempt

In October 2025, Indiana Governor Mike Braun called for a special legislative session to begin November 3 to redraw the state's congressional maps.[66] This came after weeks of communication with the Trump administration, including visits by Vice President JD Vance, over the possibility of strengthening the partisan advantage in the state.[67] This push was met with resistance from legislative Republicans, particularly in the Indiana Senate.[68]

On November 14, Indiana Senate leader Rodric Bray announced there were not enough Republican votes to move forward with the redistricting process.[69] On November 18, the Senate voted to adjourn until the next regular session in January 2026.[70][71] On December 5, the Indiana House passed a map that would turn the state's 1st and 7th congressional districts, both held by Democrats, into solidly Republican ones.[72]

On December 8, the Senate convened after reversing its earlier decision to adjourn, and the new maps passed out of committee.[73][74] On December 11, the proposal was rejected in the State Senate after opposition from 21 Republicans and all 10 Democrats, ending the redistricting effort in Indiana.[75] President Trump threatened to support the primary opponents of any Republican who did not support the redistricting effort.[76] Numerous people have been swatted.[77]

In 2026, 5 out of the 7 Republicans who voted against redistricting lost renomination.[78]

Virginia

Main article: 2026 Virginia redistricting referendum

In late October 2025, Democratic leaders in Virginia announced a process to redraw their state's congressional maps before the 2026 midterms in retaliation for the new map passed in North Carolina. Virginia, similarly to California, has a commission to redraw its congressional districts, and Virginia state leaders had proposed a constitutional amendment to bypass the commission and approve a new congressional map, likely gaining Democrats three or four seats.[79] In Virginia, constitutional amendments have to be approved by the legislature in two consecutive legislative sessions, with a general election in between them, prior to being sent to the public for final passage. On October 29, 2025, the Virginia House of Delegates passed the amendment on a party line vote. The state Senate followed suit on October 31.[80]

Democrats greatly expanded their majority in the House of Delegates in the 2025 election and also flipped the governorship, thus easing the passage of the amendment.[81] On January 16, 2026, the Senate passed the constitutional amendment a second time, following the House of Delegates which had done so earlier in the week.[82] Maps were released in early February and the special election was scheduled for April 21, 2026. Early voting began on March 6 and ran through April 18.[83]

On January 27, a Virginia Circuit Court judge for Tazewell County ruled that the amendment was unlawful because the Virginia General Assembly did not follow proper procedures for amending the state's constitution.[84][85] Virginia Democratic leaders condemned the decision and announced an intention to appeal the ruling.[86] On February 13, the Virginia Supreme Court allowed the special election to approve the new maps set for April 21 to proceed as they considered the case.[87] On February 19, the judge from Tazewell County issued an injunction and restraining order against the special election following the state Republican party filing a suit against the new maps.[88][89] On March 2, a court ruled that the election can still take place and legal battles will be resolved after the election.[90] On April 21, voters approved the referendum allowing the new maps to come into effect until 2030.[91] On April 27, the Virginia Supreme Court began hearing arguments over the constitutionality of the referendum.[92] The court issued its ruling on May 8, declaring the referendum unconstitutional after ruling that the legislature had not complied with procedural requirements in proposing the amendment.[17]

Following the ruling, House Speaker Don Scott and Attorney General Jay Jones filed an emergency appeal to the US Supreme Court and filed a motion requesting the state Supreme Court to pause its ruling from taking effect while the appeal played out.[93] The U.S. Supreme Court denied the application for a stay on May 15.[94]

Maryland

In Maryland, Governor Wes Moore and now former House Speaker Adrienne A. Jones have expressed openness to examining potential changes, particularly regarding the state's sole Republican-held seat, including the possibility of calling a special legislative session on the issue. State Senate President Bill Ferguson reiterated his opposition in an October 2025 letter to colleagues, arguing that mid-decade redistricting could undermine the state's legal standing and public trust.[95]

On November 4, 2025, Maryland Governor Wes Moore formed of the Governor's Redistricting Advisory Commission, tasked with holding public hearings and providing recommendations for a new congressional map. The creation of the commission signaled an effort by state Democrats to consider redrawing Maryland's congressional boundaries ahead of the 2026 United States House of Representatives elections, potentially to offset Republican gains in other states. The five-member commission, chaired by U.S. Senator Angela Alsobrooks, also includes two gubernatorial appointees and two legislative leaders or their designees.[96][97] On December 18, 2025, the commission voted to recommend that the state move forward with considering new congressional boundary maps,[98] and on January 20, 2026, the commission voted to recommend a congressional map that would redraw the 1st congressional district to make it more favorable for Democrats.[99] The map passed the Maryland House of Delegates by a 99–37 vote on February 2, 2026,[100] after which Senate President Bill Ferguson said he would not hold a vote for the redistricting bill in the Senate.[101] Ferguson expressed concerns that such a gerrymander would lead to the Maryland Supreme Court striking down the map, which U.S. representative Andy Harris predicted could lead to Republican gains in the state.[102]

In March 2026, during debate on a bill that would require special elections to fill vacancies in the Maryland General Assembly, state delegate Kris Fair added an amendment to the bill that would create a constitutional referendum that would change the Constitution to clarify that its map-drawing guidelines only apply to state legislative districts and not congressional districts, potentially opening the door to Maryland lawmakers making another effort to redraw the state's congressional districts in the future.[103] However, Ferguson said that he was opposed to this proposal, saying that the way the proposal was amended onto the special elections bill would violate the Maryland Constitution's single subject rule, which requires that General Assembly bills only tackle one topic at a time, and that the Senate would not deal with redistricting-related issues again until 2032, when states are required to redraw their congressional districts.[104]

The state legislative session ended in April 2026 with the state Senate leaving the bill in committee.[105] In May 2026, Ferguson told reports that he supported convening a special session to amend the Maryland Constitution to alter redistricting-related language cited in the 2022 court decision that struck down the state's congressional redistricting plan, citing the scramble among Republican-led legislatures across the Southern United States to dismantle majority-Black districts following the Callais decision.[106]

On July 8, Ferguson and Maryland House of Delegates Speaker Joseline Peña-Melnyk announced a special session of the General Assembly to consider redistricting legislation. The session is scheduled for August 3rd to 5th.[107]

Florida

Main article: 2026 Florida redistricting
Florida's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

In August 2025, Governor Ron DeSantis expressed support for redrawing the state's congressional maps.[108] Following this, Ben Albritton, president of the Florida Senate, announced a redistricting commission to begin the process. In December 2025, a congressional redistricting select committee of the Florida House of Representatives held its first meeting.[109]

On January 7, 2026, DeSantis officially issued a proclamation calling for a special legislative session regarding congressional redistricting. The session was scheduled to convene from April 20-24, 2026, following the conclusion of the regular legislative session. In the proclamation, DeSantis cited the need to comply with the upcoming U.S. Supreme Court's Callais decision and stated that the legislature would appropriate additional funds to defend the new maps against legal challenges.[110] It is expected that the redistricting could add four additional Republican seats.[111] Governor DeSantis signed the bill into law on May 4 after the Florida Legislature passed the redistricting bill a week earlier.

New York

Governor Kathy Hochul had previously pledged to involve New York in the national redistricting conflict to counter Republican gains elsewhere.[112] In January 2026, a judge struck down the boundaries of New York City's sole Republican-held district, ruling that the lines diluted the votes of minorities.[113] The ruling provided an opportunity for the state legislature to redraw the state's congressional map, a move that could potentially have netted the Democratic Party four to five additional seats.[112] Republican Representative Nicole Malliotakis, whose district was struck down, along with The New York State Republican Elections Commissioner filed an emergency appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court in February in an attempt to prevent the redrawing of her district before the 2026 midterm elections.[114] On March 2, the Supreme Court blocked the state judge from redrawing the district lines, allowing Malliotakis' original lines to stand for the 2026 elections. The court appeared to be divided ideologically, with liberal justices Sotomayor, Jackson and Kagan publicly dissenting, while conservative Justice Alito openly agreed to the congresswoman's emergency appeal.[115]

Tennessee

Main article: 2026 Tennessee redistricting
Tennessee's congressional district boundaries before (top) and after (bottom) redistricting

Following the Supreme Court's decision in Louisiana v. Callais, Bill Lee, the Republican Governor of Tennessee, called an extraordinary session of the Tennessee Legislature for the purpose of redrawing its congressional districts, targeting Steve Cohen's Memphis-based 9th district, the state's lone Democratic congressional seat.[116]

The new map was passed by the House and Senate on May 7, 2026.[117] Governor Lee signed it into law the same day.[118] Rep. Cohen later announced that due to the redistricting, he would not be seeking re-election, if courts were to uphold the new map.[119]

On May 26, U.S. Chief District Judge William L. Campbell Jr. declined the request from the ACLU, representing Black Memphis voters, to temporarily block the new map until it could be weighed by a three-judge panel. The plaintiffs are expected to appeal the decision.[120]

Louisiana

Louisiana's congressional district boundaries before (left) and after (right) redistricting

After the U.S. Supreme Court struck down Louisiana's congressional maps for being "an unconstitutional racial gerrymander" in Louisiana v. Callais, Secretary of State Nancy Landry delayed primaries for the U.S. House to allow for a redistricting session.[121] On May 29, the Republican-controlled state legislature passed a new map that altered the 6th district in a manner that reduced the number of Black voters and is expected to shift the district to Republican control. The new primary date for the U.S. House seats is November 3, the same day as the general election in the U.S. Senate race and the new general election date is December 12.[122][123] The new map has also faced legal challenges.[124]

Alabama

District lines selected by the District Court for the Northern District of Alabama on October 2023 after Allen v. Milligan for the 2024 elections[125]
(Interactive map version)
District lines passed by the Alabama Legislature on May 2026 after Louisiana v. Callais for the 2026 elections[125]
(Interactive map version)

Since the 2023 Supreme Court decision in Allen v. Milligan, there had been an injunction against the maps drawn by the legislature and court drawn maps were used. In the aftermath of the Callais decision, Alabama's Republican Governor Kay Ivey called a special legislative session to start on May 4, 2026 to redraw the legislative districts for congressional and state senate seats.[126] During the session, a bill was passed to allow for the state to redraw the map if a previous ruling that had blocked the state from redrawing mid-decade following a previous lawsuit was lifted. On June 2, 2026, the Supreme court, with an unsigned 6-3 order, granted an emergency request to remove the Milligan injunction and allow the use of the legislatively drawn maps, which removed a majority-Black district that had been added by the court drawn maps.[127][128]

Wisconsin

Redistricting challenges in Wisconsin were attempted three times between 2025-2026, with the first attempt in 2025 being the Wisconsin Supreme Court case of Felton v. Wisconsin Election Commission (WEC). It was argued that the 6-2 Republican majority map in Wisconsin was an unconstitutional partisan gerrymander, which should be replaced with a fairer 5-3 or 4-4 split[failed verification] to better reflect the near even partisan split in the state. However, the Wisconsin Supreme court declined to hear arguments for the case.[129]

In 2026, Democrats tried again to challenge the 6-2 Republican majority map twice, arguing that it was an illegal partisan gerrymander. The court cases Bothfeld v. WEC and WBLD v. WEC were both thrown out in state courts, since a lower court could not overrule the Wisconsin Supreme Court, which had previously authorized the current map to be used back in 2022, as well as declining to hear arguments in the first redistricting challenge. The rejection of the court case WBLD v. WEC marked an end to redistricting attempts in Wisconsin.[130]

Arkansas

In January 2025, Democrats introduced a constitutional amendment (HJR 1001) to establish an independent redistricting commission, however this amendment died in committee.[131] Earlier in 2023, Democrats filed a lawsuit against Arkansas's 4-0 Republican congressional map in the federal court case Christian Ministerial Alliance v. Thurston, arguing that it was an illegal racial gerrymander as it split Pulaski County (Including Little Rock, the state's capital) into three separate districts, therefore diluting black voting power. Arguments were scheduled to take place in March of 2025, and in June 2025 a panel of three judges ruled that there was a lack of evidence to prove that Arkansas's congressional districts were racially gerrymandered.[132] The Supreme Court case Louisiana v. Callais further strengthened the current congressional map, as the new precedence on racial gerrymandering would make any future attempt to redistrict much harder.[citation needed]

Kansas

In Kansas, Republican leaders in the state legislature approved the budget for a special session on redistricting. The process was stalled as Republican lawmakers did not have enough votes to begin the process.[133] Legislative leadership has stated that a new map will be passed during regular session in January 2026. However, as of January 6, the Republicans were about "20 votes short" in the Kansas House of Representatives due to Laura Kelly's veto power.[134]

Potential expansion

See also: 2027–2028 United States redistricting

Illinois

Democratic House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries has been urging the states of Illinois and Maryland to pursue new congressional maps as part of a broader Democratic strategy to counter Republican redistricting gains.[135] In Illinois, state legislative leaders have been skeptical of redrawing their congressional lines, arguing it is not possible, although Jeffries has continued to lobby for action.[136] Governor JB Pritzker emphasized that any decision on whether Illinois should redraw its congressional map would depend on Indiana's actions, noting that the state was "watching what Indiana does" before considering any response.[137]

Colorado

In Colorado, a constitutional amendment has been proposed which would give the governor (currently Democrat Jared Polis) "emergency redistricting authority" ahead of the 2028 elections. The proposed law would be triggered if "substantial evidence exists that one or more states have enacted congressional redistricting plans that result in severe partisan imbalance."[138] The maps that have been proposed would likely flip three Republican seats and give Democrats a 7–1 majority delegation in the state.[139]

The Colorado Supreme Court ruled on June 29, 2026, that any redistricting in the state would be unconstitutional, preventing any redistricting in 2028.[140] Additionally, conservatives in the state of Colorado petitioned for a ballot measure to ban any such attempt at redrawing a map mid-decade without consent from both the Colorado Supreme Court and the independent commission, which ended up qualifying for the November ballot.[141]

South Carolina

In South Carolina, members of the state legislature have advocated to redraw the state's congressional districts to disfavor Jim Clyburn, the state's sole Democratic representative. Davey Hiott, the Majority Leader of the South Carolina House of Representatives, has said the state will not redistrict.[142]

In May 2026, the South Carolina House of Representatives passed a resolution that would extend the legislative calendar of the state to allow for redistricting.[143] However, the resolution fell short of the two-thirds majority approval needed to proceed in the state senate, with five Republican senators joining all Democrats in voting against it.[144]

Prior to the vote, Shane Massey, the Senate Majority Leader, stated he would oppose any redistricting effort. He criticised "national Republicans for failing to deliver much with the majority they currently have," and warned that "if Republicans were to draw out Democrats entirely from the state's congressional delegation, South Carolina risks losing influence the next time a Democrat occupies the White House." He acknowledged he would likely face consequences for his position, and still voted with the majority against the measure. Despite previously declining to call a special session on redistricting, Republican Governor Henry McMaster issued an executive order to re-convene the General Assembly in order to discuss redistricting after pressure from President Trump.[145][146]

On May 26, the Senate voted to adjourn until June 10, after all Democrats were joined by 12 Republicans to defeat a vote aimed at ending debate on redistricting early.[147] Republican state senators blamed Governor McMaster's request to consider redistricting as coming too late, due to the fact that voting for the primaries had already begun. Republican senator Richard Cash stated that he could "no longer support the passage of this bill for one simple reason: South Carolina citizens are going to the polls today,” and said “neither my conscience nor common sense will allow me to stop an election that has already begun.” This setback for the national Republican agenda likely means that South Carolina will not consider redistricting again until after the midterms.[148]

Washington

In Washington, House Majority Leader Joe Fitzgibbon and Representative Sharlett Mena introduced a joint resolution that would amend the constitution of Washington. The amendment would permit the Washington State Legislature to redraw the state's congressional lines if another state redrew their map mid-decade outside of a judicial order. The Olympian reported that the Washington Democratic Party does not have the prerequisite two-thirds majority in both chambers and would require votes from Republicans to pass the resolution, making it unlikely to pass before the 2026 elections.[149] Shasti Conrad, the chairwoman of the Washington State Democratic Party, opened the possibility of redistricting after 2026, should the Democratic Party win supermajorities in both chambers of the state legislature.[150]

New Hampshire

There was pressure on New Hampshire to redistrict to give Republicans an extra seat. However, Governor Kelly Ayotte said she will not pursue redistricting.[151]

Maine

Governor Janet Mills announced she will not pursue redistricting to make Maine's 2nd congressional district bluer.[152][153]

New Jersey

Shortly after the ruling on redistricting in Louisiana, Governor Mikie Sherrill, in an interview, said that she is open to redrawing the congressional maps in New Jersey to favor the Democrats. However, the state legislature said that redistricting is not a priority, and any redistricting would happen after the 2026 midterm elections. If redistricting does however go through, New Jersey could eliminate 2-3 Republican held seats.[154]

See also

References

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