List of massacres in Colombia
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The following is a list of notable massacres in Colombia, defined by the Colombian government as the intentional killing of three or more people in one incident.[1] Most documented massacres have been a part of the wider Colombian conflict (1964–present day).
According to the Grupo de Memoria Histórica (lit. 'Historical Memory Group'), there were 2,505 massacres in Colombia between 1973 and 2008.[2]
Before 1980
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Putumayo genocide | 1879 - 1912 | Putumayo Department | 32,000[3] - 40,000+[4][5] | unknown | Peruvian Amazon Company | Members of the Huitoto, Andoques, Yaguas, Ocaina and Boras groups were hunted and enslaved so they could be used to extract latex.[6] During this time period, several tribes became extinct.[7] |
| Banana Massacre | 6 December 1928 | Ciénaga, Magdalena | estimated 47 - 2,000 | unknown | Colombian Army | Massacre of striking United Fruit Company workers by the Colombian Army[8] |
| 1939 Gachetá massacre | 8 January 1939 | Gachetá, Cundinamarca | 9 | 17 | uncertain | The details of the event have been controversial, but the official version showed a balance of nine dead and 17 wounded, all related to the Colombian Conservative Party. |
| Bogotazo | 9 April 1948 | Bogotá | 600 - 3,000[9] | 450 | Massive riots took place in Bogotá, after the assassination of presidential candidate Jorge Eliécer Gaitán. |
1980s
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 Diners Club shooting | November 1985 and January 1984 | Otero, Cali | 9 | 5 | Jaime Serrano Santibañez
Luis Jamer Rodríguez Díaz Francisco Antonio Ruíz Gómez | was a robbery perpetrated by three common criminals in the Otero Building in Cali, Colombia, on December 3, 1984, which left nine dead and five wounded. |
| Palace of Justice siege | 6–7 November, 1985 | Palace of Justice, Bogotá | 98 | Several | M-19's flag 19th of April Movement | Members of the 19th of April Movement take over the Palace of Justice, the home of the Supreme Court of Colombia, in hopes of forcing a trial of President Belisario Betancur. 98 people were killed, including 35 militants, 48 soldiers and 11 of the 25 Supreme Court Justices. |
| Tacueyó massacre | November 1985 and January 1986 | Tacueyó, Toribío, Cauca | 164[10] | unknown | Ricardo Franco Front | The Tacueyó massacre occurred between November 1985 and January 1986 in the township of Tacueyó, where the guerrilla "Comando Ricardo Franco Frente-Sur" was attacked. The massacre was discovered on December 13, 1985, and was carried out by guerrillas Hernando Pizarro Leongómez and Jose Fedor Rey (alias Javier Delgado) alleging that the 164 guerrillas killed in their own group were, according to them, infiltrators or informers of the National Army of Colombia or the CIA.[11] |
| Pozzetto massacre | 4 December 1986 | Bogotá | 30 (including the perpetrator) | 12 | Campo Elías Delgado | Stabbing attack and spree shooting at two apartment buildings and the Restaurante Pozzetto; gunman shot dead by police |
| Massacre of Trujillo | 1988–1994 | Trujillo, Valle del Cauca | estimated 245 - 342 | unknown | Cali Cartel | Some 245 to 342 people, including unionists and suspected guerrilla supporters, were tortured and dismembered by paramilitaries and the Cali Cartel with the complicity of active members of the Colombian military and police. |
| "False positives" | c.1988–2010 | nationwide | 6,402+[12] (2002–2008) | unknown | Colombian military | Members of the military and civilian collaborators lured poor or mentally impaired civilians to remote parts of the country with offers of work, killed them, and presented them as left wing guerrillas killed in battle, in an effort to inflate body counts.[12] |
| Honduras and La Negra farms massacre | 4 March 1988 | Urabá Antioquia, Antioquia | 20 | unknown | hired assassins under direction of Voltíjeros Battalion of the National Army of Colombia | Murder of banana workers orchestrated by the Voltíjeros Battalion of the National Army of Colombia aided by former members of the Popular Liberation Army and financed by the Association of Farmers and Stockbreeders of Magdalena Medio.[13][14][15] |
| La Mejor Esquina massacre | 3 April 1988 | Buenavista, Córdoba | 28 | 0 | Los Magnificos | 28 peasants are killed during an attack by the Los Magníficos gang, a paramilitary group[16][17] |
| Segovia massacre[18] | 11 November 1988 | Segovia, Antioquia | 43[19] - 46[20] | 50[21] - 60+[20] | Muerte a Revolucionarios del Nordeste | The paramilitary group Muerte a Revolucionarios del Nordeste massacres 43-46 people in the urban area of the municipality of Segovia.[22][20] |
| La Rochela massacre | 18 January 1989 | La Rochela, Simacota, Santandar | 12 | 3 | hitmen under direction of Rodriguez Gacha | 15 judicial officials, who were investigating crimes committed in the area, were rounded up and shot by a group of gunmen sent by Rodriguez Gacha. 12 of the officials were killed, while 3 survived |
| Avianca Flight 203 bombing | 27 November 1989 | Cerro Canoas, Soacha, Cundinamarca | 110 | 0 | Muñoz Mosquera, Medellín Cartel | The Avianca Flight 203 is bombed en route from Bogotá to Cali. Medellín cartel hitman Dandeny Muñoz Mosquera is convicted for the bombing. |
| DAS Building bombing | 6 December 1989 | Bogotá | 63 | 600+[23] | Medellín Cartel | A truck bomb at the DAS headquarters kills 63 people and injures over a 600. The Medellín Cartel was responsible |
1990s
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Villatina massacre | 15 November 1992 | Medellín, Antioquia | 9 | 0 | Colombian National Police | At least eight children and one young adult were killed by the Colombian National Police. |
| Riofrio massacre | 5 October 1993 | Riofrío, Valle del Cauca | 13 | 0 | Colombian National Army | In the village of El Bosque, Piedras Portugal, 13 ELN guerrillas died in combat with troops from the Palacé Battalion of the III Brigade. They were surprised while they prepared a handstand.[24][25][26][27][28][29] |
| Mapiripán massacre | 15–20 July 1997 | Mapiripán, Meta | 30[30] - 49[31] | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Around 30 to 49 people were killed with chainsaws and machetes by the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC)[32] |
| El Aro Massacre | 22 October 1997 | Ituango, Antioquia | 15[33] - 17[34] | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | 15 to 17 individuals accused of being leftist supporters of FARC were massacred by AUC |
| San José del Guaviare massacre | 11–12 November 1997 | San José del Guaviare, Guaviare | 11 | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | A Group of paramilitaries from the Centauros Bloc arrived in the municipality of San José del Guaviare and murdered 11 people.[35] |
| Barrancabermeja massacre[36] | 16 May 1998 | Barrancabermeja, Santander | 32 | unknown | Autodefensas de Santander y el Sur del Cesar | A group of paramilitaries belonging to the armed group Autodefensas de Santander y el Sur del Cesar, Ausac, assassinated seven people and kidnapped 25 others in the surroundings of the city of Barrancabermeja, in the region of Santander[37][38][39] |
| Machuca Massacre | 18 October 1998 | Machuca, Antioquia | 70[40] - 84[41] | 30+ | National Liberation Army | Guerrillas belonging to the National Liberation Army (ELN) dynamited an oil pipeline which caused a spreading fire to the village. 70-84 people lost their lives, many of them children. |
| Villanueva Massacre | 8 December 1998 | Villanueva, La Guajira | 11 | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | 11 people were assassinated by members of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) by orders of Carlos Castaño. |
| Santo Domingo massacre | 13 December 1998 | Santo Domingo, Tame, Arauca | 17[42] | 27[42] | Colombian Aerospace Force | A Colombian Air Force (FAC) helicopter murdered seventeen people in the middle of a confrontation with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's Army (FARC-EP).[43] |
| Playón de Orozco massacre | 9 January 1999 | El Piñón, Magdalena | 27[44] | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Paramilitaries from the North Block of the AUC shot and killed 27 people and dismembered them[45] |
| 1999 San José del Guaviare massacre | 28 July 1999 | San José del Guaviare, Guaviare | 4 | 0 | uncertain | a group of armed men murdered four people on the road leading from Puerto Arturo to El Retiro, in the municipality of San José del Guaviare.[46] |
| La Gabarra massacre | 21 August 1999 | La Gabarra, Tibú, Norte de Santander | estimated 35 - 43 | unknown | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | A massacre was perpetrated by members of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia against alleged members of FARC, killing 35-43 people. |
2000s
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| El Salado massacre | 16 February 2000 | El Salado, Bolívar | 60[47] - 100+[48] | unknown | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Mass murder of residents by United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia.[49] |
| Reminiscencias dance club shooting | 24 June 2000 | Bogotá | 11 | 7 | Juan de Jesús Lozano Velásquez | Mass shooting by two patrons at the Reminiscencias tavern bar |
| Macayepo massacre | 14 October 2000 | Macayepo, Bolívar | 15 | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Mass murder of 15 peasants by Héroes de los Montes de María, a unit of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) |
| Chengue Massacre | 17 January 2001 | Chengue, Ovejas, Sucre | 27 | 0 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | 27 people are killed with mortars and machetes by AUC[50][51] |
| Alto Naya massacre | 10 and 13 April 2001 | Alto Naya, Cauca | 100 estimated[52] | unknown | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | A group of more than 100 paramilitaries from the Calima Block of the AUC led by Everth Veloza, alias 'HH', toured the municipalities and territories surrounding the Naya River, located on the borders of Cauca and Valle del Cauca, transporting in trucks, On the way, they murdered peasants who were identified as collaborators with the guerrilla.[53][54][55] |
| 2002 Apartadó massacre | 26 April 2002 | Apartadó, Antioquia | 9 | 2 | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | Members of the fifth and fifty-eighth fronts of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) arrived in the Salsipuedes area in the municipality of Apartadó, Antioquia, entered the Villa Lucía banana plantation, blew up the property, gathered its workers, and after asking them for the site's managers and getting no response, they shot them indiscriminately. Nine people died and two others were injured.[56][57] |
| Bojayá massacre | 2 May 2002 | Bojayá, Chocó | 119 | 98 | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | FARC launches a mortar bomb against a church during combat with AUC, killing at least 119 civilians, 48 of whom were children. |
| 2003 El Nogal Club bombing | 7 February 2003 | Bogotá | 36 | 200+ | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | A car bomb goes off in the garage of the El Nogal club in Bogotá, killing 36 people and injuring 200+ |
| 2003 Neiva bombing | 14 February 2003 | Neiva, Huila | 15[58] | 66[58] | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | The FARC-EP carry out an attack using a house loaded with explosives in Neiva (Huila) with which they intended to assassinate President Álvaro Uribe . 15 people die, including a prosecutor and the sectional captain of intelligence of the Colombian National Police in Neiva, and 66 are injured.[59] |
| Bahía Portete massacre | 16 April 2004 | Bahía Portete, La Guajira | 12 | 1 | United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Murder of 12 members of the Wayuu Indigenous community by paramilitary groups of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) Wayuu Counter-Insurgency Bloc |
| 2004 La Gabarra massacre | 15 June 2004 | La Gabarra, Tibú, Norte de Santander | 34 | 0 | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | A Group of men from the 33rd Front of the FARC-EP arrived at the farm located on the Pico de Águila hill, in the district of La Gabarra, in Tibú, Norte de Santander, and murdered 34 peasants.[60][61][62] |
| 2004 Cunday massacre | 3 September 2004 | Cunday, Tolima | 4 | 0 | Tequendama Front of the Centauros Bloc | Paramilitaries from the Tequendama Front of the Centauros Bloc murdered four people in the municipality of Cunday, Tolima[63] |
| Jamundí massacre | 21–22 February 2005 | Jamundí, Valle del Cauca | 11 | 0 | Colombian National Army | Massacre of ten policemen and a civilian by the Colombian National Army. |
| San José de Apartadó massacre | 21–22 February 2005 | San José de Apartadó, Apartadó, Antioquia | 8 | 0 | Military of Colombia, United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia | Mass murder of five adults and three children by members of the Military of Colombia and United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia |
| 2007 Balsillas massacre | 10 June 2007 | Balsillas | 6 | 3 | Yeimer Alberto Jiménez Rodríguez Jair Farfán Moor | Mass shooting at a military school by 2 soldiers after a dispute |
| Nariño massacres | 4 and 11 February 2009 | Nariño Department | 27 | 0 | Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | 27 indigenous Awás were massacred in two massacres perpetrated by members of the rebel Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia |
2010s
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masacre de Día del Amor y la Amistad | 19 September 2010 | Medellín, Antioquia | 5 | 8 | Los Machacos | Members of Los Machacos gang indiscriminately shot at people in a local store in the Robledo Miramar neighborhood of Medellín. The victims included a teenage couple ages 16 and 17 who were celebrating Love and Friendship Day (Día del Amor y la Amistad).[64] |
| 2013 Cali nightclub shooting | 8 November 2013 | Cali | 8 | 6 | José Luis Mosquera
Johan Alexander Mosquera | Two men opened fire on a nightclub, killing eight and injuring six. |
| Magüí Payán massacre | 27 November 2017 | Magüí Payán, Nariño | 13 | 1 | Colombian National Army
Frente Comuneros del Sur | 13 civilians are killed in a clash between government forces and members of the 29th front of the Comuneros del Sur faction of FARC dissidents.[65] |
| 2018 Colombia police stations attacks | 27–28 January 2018 | Bolívar and Atlántico Departments | 8 | 48 | National Liberation Army | A series of attacks attributed to the ELN against the National Police in the departments of Atlántico and Bolívar, left a balance of 8 police officers dead and 48 wounded |
| 2019 Bogotá car bombing | 17 January 2019 | Bogotá | 22 | 68 | José Aldemar Rojas Rodríguez (National Liberation Army) | A car bomb entered a police school compound and detonated after hitting a wall |
2020s
| Name | Data | Place | Dead | Injured | Perpetrator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bogotá prison riot | 21 March 2020 | La Modelo prison, Bogotá | 23 | 83 | At least 23 prisoners were killed and 83 injured during a riot which erupted in La Modelo prison in Bogotá amid fears over spreading of SARS-CoV-2 through prison walls during the COVID-19 pandemic | |
| Arauca, Cauca and Nariño massacres | 22 August 2020 | Arauca, Cauca and Nariño Departments | 28[66] | unknown | Three massacres kill 28 people, in the Arauca, Cauca, and Nariño Departments.[67][68] | |
| Javier Ordóñez protests | 9–10 September 2020 | Bogotá | 14[69] | 400+ | National Police of Colombia | Protests following the death of Javier Ordóñez, 42, at the hands of police leave 14 dead and over 400 were injured[70] |
| 2022 Arauca clashes | 2 January 2022 | Arauca Department | 23 | unknown | National Liberation Army, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia | 23 people were killed in clashes between far-left guerrilla groups in Arauca Department |
| Tuluá prison riot | 28 June 2022 | Tuluá, Valle del Cauca Department | 52 | 34 | A fire broke out during a riot inside a prison in Tuluá, killing at least 52 people and injuring at least 34 | |
| 2022 Huila attack | 2 September 2022 | San Luis, Huila | 7 | 1 | FARC dissidents | A police vehicle hit a bomb near the town of Corozal, killing seven police officers and injuring another. |
| Santander de Quilichao massacre | 22 December 2023 | Santander de Quilichao, Cauca | 5 | 0 | uncertain | Five people were murdered by armed men in two different locations[71][72][73] |
| 2026 Cauca bombing | 25 April 2026 | Cajibío, Cauca | 20 | 47 | FARC dissidents | Bombing by the EMC faction of FARC dissidents kills 20 travellers and injures 47 others on a section of the Pan-American Highway.[1] |
| 2026 Bogotá stabbing | 24 March 2026 | Bogotá | 3 | 0 | Cristian Camilo Valencia Hurtado | In the early morning hours in the neighborhood, a triple stabbing occurred, a femicide, and according to the investigation, it was due to a personal conflict. |
See also
References
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- ^ "Revista Semana: 2.505 masacres". Semana. Archived from the original on 11 July 2008. Retrieved 8 September 2008.
- ^ Tully, John (2011). The Devil's Milk A Social History of Rubber. Monthly Review Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-58367-261-7.
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- ^ Uriarte, Javier; Martínez-Pinzón, Felipe, eds. (2019). Intimate Frontiers A Literary Geography of the Amazon. Liverpool University Press. p. 120. ISBN 9781786949721.
- ^ Hardenburg, Walter (1912). The Putumayo, the Devil's Paradise; Travels in the Peruvian Amazon Region and an Account of the Atrocities Committed Upon the Indians Therein. London: Fisher Unwin. pp. 160, 194, 290. ISBN 1372293019. Archived from the original on 30 April 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ Valcárcel, Carlos (1915). El proceso del Putumayo y sus secretos inauditos [The Putumayo process and its unprecedented secrets] (in Spanish). Centro de Estudios Teológicos de la Amazonía. p. 165. ISBN 978-9972-9410-9-2.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ Luis Angel Arango Library: the banana massacre(in Spanish)
- ^ "April 9, 1948: the day that the history of Colombia broke in two following 'El Bogotazo'". Infobae. 9 April 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
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- ^ a b "'False positives': Colombian army apologises for killing civilians". BBC. 4 October 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
- ^ "Colombia's Killer Networks: The Military – Paramilitary Partnership and the United States". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ Valdés Correa, Beatriz (7 March 2018). "30 años de las masacres de Honduras y La Negra". El Espectador (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ^ "Masacre de Honduras y La Negra". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 16 October 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de la Mejor Esquina". Comisión Intereclesial de Justicia y Paz (in Spanish). 3 April 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ "La Defensoría homenajeará a víctimas de la masacre de 'Mejor Esquina' ocurrida en Buenavista, Córdoba". La Lengua Caribe (in Spanish). 4 April 2024. Archived from the original on 23 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ Riding, Alan (15 December 1988). "Massacres Are Jolting Colombia". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Masacre de Segovia: 34 años en busca de verdad y justicia – Corporación Reiniciar". Corporacion Reiniciar (in Spanish). 11 November 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ a b c Agredo Tapias, Paola (9 November 2023). "35 años de la masacre de Segovia. Aquel noviembre dejó 43 víctimas – Alerta Paisa". Alerta Paisa (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ Yvonne Tobón, Rita (11 November 2015). "Hagamos memoria: 27 Años de la Masacre de Segovia". Cj Libertad (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de Segovia y La Cruzada". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 2 October 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ ORTIZ FONNEGRA, MARÍA ISABEL (6 December 2020). "Bomba al DAS: se cumplen 31 años del carrobomba que mató a 63 personas". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 30 July 2024. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
- ^ Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (6 October 1993). "MUERTOS 16 GUERRILLEROS AYER EN EL VALLE Y EL META". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019.
- ^ "INDAGATORIA POR MASACRE EN RIOFRÍO". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 17 June 1995. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "MASACRE DE RIOFRÍO COMIENZA DE CERO". El Tiempo (in Spanish). 11 March 2003. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
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- ^ "Masacre de Río Frío". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 15 October 2019. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "Comisión Intereclesial de Justicia y Paz » Masacre de Riofrio". Comisión Intereclesial de Justicia y Paz (in Spanish). 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ Jo, Marie Burt (25 September 2007). "Storm Over Columbia". North American Congress on Latin America. Archived from the original on 23 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de Mapiripán 1997". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de Mapiripán". Comisión Intereclesial de Justicia y Paz (in Spanish). 15 July 2024. Archived from the original on 23 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ EL UNIVERSO. "El Universo". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ^ "Masacre de El Aro". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 27 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de San José del Guaviare 1997". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
- ^ ""We are Fighting Against the Biggest Monster, that is, the Government."". RAIOT. 3 July 2018. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Masacre de Barrancabermeja, mayo de 1998". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 2 October 2019. Archived from the original on 24 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
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- ^ ORTIZ FONNEGRA, MARÍA ISABEL (16 July 2024). "Masacre de Barrancabermeja 26 años y víctimas siguen clamando por justicia". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 July 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
- ^ "Colombia rebel admits oil pipeline bombing mistake". Latin American Studies. 12 November 1998. Archived from the original on 14 June 2024. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ Navarro, Cristina (18 October 2023). "Se conmemoran 25 años de la masacre de Machuca, en Segovia, Antioquia". Caracol Radio (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Masacre de Santo Domingo, Arauca". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 22 June 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de Santo Domingo". Comisión Intereclesial de Justicia y Paz (in Spanish). 13 December 2022. Archived from the original on 22 June 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
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- ^ "22 años de la masacre en Playón de Orozco". HOY DIARIO DEL MAGDALENA (in Spanish). 12 January 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
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- ^ "Masacre de El Salado 2000". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
- ^ Brody, Daniel (23 February 2010). "Ten years on, no justice for El Salado massacre victims". Colombia Reports. Archived from the original on 23 August 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
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- ^ "Masacre de Chengue". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
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- ^ a b Durán, Oscar (14 April 2022). ""No sabemos a quién perdonar", memorias de la casa bomba en Neiva". La Silla Vacía (in Spanish). Retrieved 29 July 2024.
- ^ "21 años del atentado terrorista en Villa Magdalena". Diario del Huila (in Spanish). 14 February 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
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- ^ "Masacre de Cunday 2004". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 9 September 2024. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
- ^ "Masacre de Día del Amor y la Amistad, Medellín". Rutas del Conflicto (in Spanish). 15 October 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2026.
- ^ Olaya, Angela; Silva Ávalos, Héctor (7 December 2017). "Massacre in Magüí Payán, Post-Conflict Colombia's Hidden Time Bomb". InSight Crime.
- ^ "Colombia ends terrifying week with three massacres in one day". Colombia reports. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
- ^ Rojas Ángel, César (22 August 2020). "Colombia: tres masacres en menos de 24 horas se suman a las 33 documentadas en lo que va del año" [Colombia: three massacres in less than 24 hours are in addition with the 33 documented so far this year]. France 24 (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "Tres masacres en menos de 24 horas en Colombia: 17 personas han sido asesinadas" [Three massacres in less than 24 hours in Colombia: 17 people have been killed]. Noticias Caracol (in Spanish). 22 August 2020. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
- ^ "La Policía colombiana, culpable de la "masacre" de las protestas de 2020 en Bogotá" [Colombian police, guilty of the 2020 "massacre" of protestors in Bogotá]. Euronews (in Spanish). 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 25 July 2024. Retrieved 24 July 2024.
- ^ Erazo, Katerin (8 September 2023). "#9S: se cumplen tres años de la Masacre de Bogotá" [#9S: three years of the Bogotá massacre]. Pares (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 July 2024.
- ^ "Masacre 93 del año: cinco personas asesinadas en Santander de Quilichao" [93 massacre of the year: five people killed in Santander de Quilichao]. El Espectador (in Spanish). 22 December 2023. Archived from the original on 19 September 2024. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
- ^ Rey, Diego (22 December 2023). "Masacre en un cabildo indígena en el Cauca: cinco personas fueron asesinadas". Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 September 2024.
- ^ Gómez, Licsa (22 December 2023). "Disidencias de las Farc estarían detrás de la masacre ocurrida en un resguardo indígena del Cauca" [FARC dissidents would be behind the massacre in an indigenous reservation in Cauca]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 September 2024.
External links
- Map of massacres in Colombia (1982-2012) (in Spanish) by Rutas del Conflicto, made in collaboration with the National Center for Historical Memory